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#1
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Need Louder Sound
I want to learn some Chinese, but find these old ears cannot hear the
audio very well at https://chinesecharacteraday.com/one-word-a-day/ at least. All I have is an old set of earphones plugged to audio on a W10 PC. Even at max audio. The phones have no volume control of course. I want to buy something cheap to make the volume higher. Thinking of buying a new set of earphones with an amplifier, or just the latter to add to what I've got. Or maybe USB instead? What do you think? Wei |
#3
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Need Louder Sound
On Mon, 15 Jul 2019 18:38:35 -0400, Paul
wrote: wrote: I want to learn some Chinese, but find these old ears cannot hear the audio very well at https://chinesecharacteraday.com/one-word-a-day/ at least. All I have is an old set of earphones plugged to audio on a W10 PC. Even at max audio. The phones have no volume control of course. I want to buy something cheap to make the volume higher. Thinking of buying a new set of earphones with an amplifier, or just the latter to add to what I've got. Or maybe USB instead? What do you think? Wei There is a *lot* of crap on the market. Take those NE5532 products for $15. Without additional transistors and a crafted output stage, and good VCC supply, you can't get ear-blistering sound levels. Another product I saw for $36, one commenter said "it's not loud enough". Which means the circuit is probably only driving about 1VRMS into 32 ohms. Stereophile amps of that sort, start at nice round numbers like $199.00 for the "beginner amp", and going up in increments of hundreds. This is obviously not the way to get an amplifier. I'm sure there is plenty of level on those. The audio industry is just as crooked as it was fifty years ago. You can find kits to assemble, for conventional amplifiers, but they expect a speaker load of 4 ohms or 8 ohms, and that's not a good match for 32 ohm headphones. I use a 40W bridged Canakit for my Test Machine audio output, which works OK. But it just isn't the right beast for headphones. The signal would probably still be a bit on the weak side. While the amp is 40W (2x20W), in actual usage into 8 ohm speakers, the output is just 2W per channel. And fortunately, with a tuned port speaker, this is good enough. You need a good supply of voltage, like maybe +12V and -12V, to get a good swing on the output. An opamp with class A output or class AB output, would work, but you need plenty of source voltage because the impedance of the phones (32 ohms) is so high. You *can* get excellent results with piezoelectric earphones. I drove those directly with a 741 and I could get a 9V signal across those, which would pop an eardrum. Unfortunately, you can't find those any more (the kind I had). Those even manage to produce base, which I thought at the time was pretty amazing for something little bigger than an earbud. It would take hours of miserable catalog searches, to begin to find something which is reasonably priced and happens to also work properly. Paul Thanks for ur insight Paul. As always. So much for learning Chinese. Thought it was a good idea - I have a 'bucket' item to sail up the Yangtze. Oh well. zaigien Wei |
#4
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Need Louder Sound
On 16/07/2019 10:38 AM, Paul wrote:
wrote: I want to learn some Chinese, but find these old ears cannot hear the audio very well at https://chinesecharacteraday.com/one-word-a-day/ at least. All I have is an old set of earphones plugged to audio on a W10 PC. Even at max audio.Â* The phones have no volume control of course. I want to buy something cheap to make the volume higher.Â* Thinking of buying a new set of earphones with an amplifier, or just the latter to add to what I've got.Â* Or maybe USB instead? What do you think? Wei There is a *lot* of crap on the market. Take those NE5532 products for $15. Without additional transistors and a crafted output stage, and good VCC supply, you can't get ear-blistering sound levels. Another product I saw for $36, one commenter said "it's not loud enough". Which means the circuit is probably only driving about 1VRMS into 32 ohms. Stereophile amps of that sort, start at nice round numbers like $199.00 for the "beginner amp", and going up in increments of hundreds. This is obviously not the way to get an amplifier. I'm sure there is plenty of level on those. The audio industry is just as crooked as it was fifty years ago. You can find kits to assemble, for conventional amplifiers, but they expect a speaker load of 4 ohms or 8 ohms, and that's not a good match for 32 ohm headphones. I use a 40W bridged Canakit for my Test Machine audio output, which works OK. But it just isn't the right beast for headphones. The signal would probably still be a bit on the weak side. While the amp is 40W (2x20W), in actual usage into 8 ohm speakers, the output is just 2W per channel. And fortunately, with a tuned port speaker, this is good enough. I got a kit for a headphone amp that runs off a micro USB power supply (so can be pocketed and powered from a 'powerbank') from Aliexpress for about US$5 complete with a case but haven't assembled it yet. -- Shaun. "Humans will have advanced a long, long way when religious belief has a cozy little classification in the DSM" David Melville This is not an email and hasn't been checked for viruses by any half-arsed self-promoting software. You need a good supply of voltage, like maybe +12V and -12V, to get a good swing on the output. An opamp with class A output or class AB output, would work, but you need plenty of source voltage because the impedance of the phones (32 ohms) is so high. You *can* get excellent results with piezoelectric earphones. I drove those directly with a 741 and I could get a 9V signal across those, which would pop an eardrum. Unfortunately, you can't find those any more (the kind I had). Those even manage to produce base, which I thought at the time was pretty amazing for something little bigger than an earbud. It would take hours of miserable catalog searches, to begin to find something which is reasonably priced and happens to also work properly. Â*Â* Paul |
#5
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Need Louder Sound
~misfit~ wrote:
On 16/07/2019 10:38 AM, Paul wrote: wrote: I want to learn some Chinese, but find these old ears cannot hear the audio very well at https://chinesecharacteraday.com/one-word-a-day/ at least. All I have is an old set of earphones plugged to audio on a W10 PC. Even at max audio. The phones have no volume control of course. I want to buy something cheap to make the volume higher. Thinking of buying a new set of earphones with an amplifier, or just the latter to add to what I've got. Or maybe USB instead? What do you think? Wei There is a *lot* of crap on the market. Take those NE5532 products for $15. Without additional transistors and a crafted output stage, and good VCC supply, you can't get ear-blistering sound levels. Another product I saw for $36, one commenter said "it's not loud enough". Which means the circuit is probably only driving about 1VRMS into 32 ohms. Stereophile amps of that sort, start at nice round numbers like $199.00 for the "beginner amp", and going up in increments of hundreds. This is obviously not the way to get an amplifier. I'm sure there is plenty of level on those. The audio industry is just as crooked as it was fifty years ago. You can find kits to assemble, for conventional amplifiers, but they expect a speaker load of 4 ohms or 8 ohms, and that's not a good match for 32 ohm headphones. I use a 40W bridged Canakit for my Test Machine audio output, which works OK. But it just isn't the right beast for headphones. The signal would probably still be a bit on the weak side. While the amp is 40W (2x20W), in actual usage into 8 ohm speakers, the output is just 2W per channel. And fortunately, with a tuned port speaker, this is good enough. I got a kit for a headphone amp that runs off a micro USB power supply (so can be pocketed and powered from a 'powerbank') from Aliexpress for about US$5 complete with a case but haven't assembled it yet. Is it just a 1V output ? Or is it one of the ones with much higher output ? A simple OpAmp can manage a pretty good swing, but will likely go into current limit with a 32 ohm load. ******* https://www.themasterswitch.com/best-headphone-amps Schiit Audio Magni 3 ($119) There is a picture of the PCB so you can see what $120 buys. Its an op amp and what looks like two push-pull stages (AB) per channel. Drives 2W into 32 ohms. P=I*I*R sqrt(2W/32ohm) = 0.25A 0.25A * 32ohm = 8Vrms. That's at least 10x as much current as an OpAmp might make by itself. It's more than ten, because you need low distortion at 0.25A, meaning the amp might deliver more when clipping. https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07KWJ9QMN The over-the-top test suite here, suggests it's optimized for 1VRMS output (just like your computer). The High-gain position of the switch on the back, is a fixed gain-of-six. So 0.170V is enough to give 1V on output. But according to the power spec (the 2W rating), that would be 8 volts on the output, and some but not all HDAudio might be able to drive it that hard. Be aware that "power rating" on amps is at 10% distortion, and if that's the case here, you don't drive it that hard in practice. You might be able to damage an ear drum, without it distorting too much. https://www.schiit.com/public/upload...0Magni%203.pdf But as this stuff goes, you're only "taking a little soaking", rather than "a major bath". At $119, that's only a little more rip-off than the old RadioShack days. I don't think anyone really wants to make their own. It's too much work and too frustrating. I assembled my amp from a kit, but the designer of my kit still didn't do a good job. I don't have access to an oscilloscope any more, but my ear tells me it's oscillating at some god-awful high frequency. You can tell this, if your amp has a "hollow sound" to it. I built an amp once, that oscillated at 500KHz, as measured on the physics lab oscilloscope. Now, if I wanted to build an oscillator, of course it would amplify and not oscillator. But if I wanted an amplifier, it just has to oscillate. Paul |
#6
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Need Louder Sound
On 16/07/2019 3:14 PM, Paul wrote:
~misfit~ wrote: On 16/07/2019 10:38 AM, Paul wrote: wrote: I want to learn some Chinese, but find these old ears cannot hear the audio very well at https://chinesecharacteraday.com/one-word-a-day/ at least. All I have is an old set of earphones plugged to audio on a W10 PC. Even at max audio.Â* The phones have no volume control of course. I want to buy something cheap to make the volume higher.Â* Thinking of buying a new set of earphones with an amplifier, or just the latter to add to what I've got.Â* Or maybe USB instead? What do you think? Wei There is a *lot* of crap on the market. Take those NE5532 products for $15. Without additional transistors and a crafted output stage, and good VCC supply, you can't get ear-blistering sound levels. Another product I saw for $36, one commenter said "it's not loud enough". Which means the circuit is probably only driving about 1VRMS into 32 ohms. Stereophile amps of that sort, start at nice round numbers like $199.00 for the "beginner amp", and going up in increments of hundreds. This is obviously not the way to get an amplifier. I'm sure there is plenty of level on those. The audio industry is just as crooked as it was fifty years ago. You can find kits to assemble, for conventional amplifiers, but they expect a speaker load of 4 ohms or 8 ohms, and that's not a good match for 32 ohm headphones. I use a 40W bridged Canakit for my Test Machine audio output, which works OK. But it just isn't the right beast for headphones. The signal would probably still be a bit on the weak side. While the amp is 40W (2x20W), in actual usage into 8 ohm speakers, the output is just 2W per channel. And fortunately, with a tuned port speaker, this is good enough. I got a kit for a headphone amp that runs off a micro USB power supply (so can be pocketed and powered from a 'powerbank') from Aliexpress for about US$5 complete with a case but haven't assembled it yet. Is it just a 1V output ? Or is it one of the ones with much higher output ? A simple OpAmp can manage a pretty good swing, but will likely go into current limit with a 32 ohm load. I'm not sure where I put the kit and when I go to my purchase history I can find the purchase but the page doesn't exist anymore (which could be a problem if I need reference pics when I make the kit - lesson learned, any other kits I buy I'll download the pics). It was very similar to this one, same 'brand' but USB powered https://www.aliexpress.com/item/32723001937.html This one requires 12 - 18V DC input. So OpAmp, and I remember the blurb saying they're socketed so that the end user can change to different / better OpAmps if they want to. I thought the OP might be interested as a cheap solution to their problem. -- Shaun. "Humans will have advanced a long, long way when religious belief has a cozy little classification in the DSM" David Melville This is not an email and hasn't been checked for viruses by any half-arsed self-promoting software. ******* https://www.themasterswitch.com/best-headphone-amps Â*Â* Schiit Audio Magni 3 ($119) Â*Â* There is a picture of the PCB so you can see what $120 buys. Â*Â* Its an op amp and what looks like two push-pull stages (AB) Â*Â* per channel. Drives 2W into 32 ohms. P=I*I*RÂ* sqrt(2W/32ohm) = 0.25A Â*Â* 0.25A * 32ohm = 8Vrms. That's at least 10x as much current as Â*Â* an OpAmp might make by itself. It's more than ten, because you Â*Â* need low distortion at 0.25A, meaning the amp might deliver more Â*Â* when clipping. Â*Â* https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07KWJ9QMN Â*Â* The over-the-top test suite here, suggests it's optimized for Â*Â* 1VRMS output (just like your computer). The High-gain position Â*Â* of the switch on the back, is a fixed gain-of-six. So 0.170V Â*Â* is enough to give 1V on output. But according to the power spec Â*Â* (the 2W rating), that would be 8 volts on the output, and some Â*Â* but not all HDAudio might be able to drive it that hard. Be Â*Â* aware that "power rating" on amps is at 10% distortion, and if Â*Â* that's the case here, you don't drive it that hard in practice. Â*Â* You might be able to damage an ear drum, without it distorting Â*Â* too much. https://www.schiit.com/public/upload...0Magni%203.pdf But as this stuff goes, you're only "taking a little soaking", rather than "a major bath". At $119, that's only a little more rip-off than the old RadioShack days. I don't think anyone really wants to make their own. It's too much work and too frustrating. I assembled my amp from a kit, but the designer of my kit still didn't do a good job. I don't have access to an oscilloscope any more, but my ear tells me it's oscillating at some god-awful high frequency. You can tell this, if your amp has a "hollow sound" to it. I built an amp once, that oscillated at 500KHz, as measured on the physics lab oscilloscope. Now, if I wanted to build an oscillator, of course it would amplify and not oscillator. But if I wanted an amplifier, it just has to oscillate. Â*Â* Paul |
#7
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Need Louder Sound
On Tue, 16 Jul 2019 22:00:21 +1200, ~misfit~
wrote: On 16/07/2019 3:14 PM, Paul wrote: ~misfit~ wrote: On 16/07/2019 10:38 AM, Paul wrote: wrote: I want to learn some Chinese, but find these old ears cannot hear the audio very well at https://chinesecharacteraday.com/one-word-a-day/ at least. All I have is an old set of earphones plugged to audio on a W10 PC. Even at max audio.* The phones have no volume control of course. I want to buy something cheap to make the volume higher.* Thinking of buying a new set of earphones with an amplifier, or just the latter to add to what I've got.* Or maybe USB instead? What do you think? Wei There is a *lot* of crap on the market. Take those NE5532 products for $15. Without additional transistors and a crafted output stage, and good VCC supply, you can't get ear-blistering sound levels. Another product I saw for $36, one commenter said "it's not loud enough". Which means the circuit is probably only driving about 1VRMS into 32 ohms. Stereophile amps of that sort, start at nice round numbers like $199.00 for the "beginner amp", and going up in increments of hundreds. This is obviously not the way to get an amplifier. I'm sure there is plenty of level on those. The audio industry is just as crooked as it was fifty years ago. You can find kits to assemble, for conventional amplifiers, but they expect a speaker load of 4 ohms or 8 ohms, and that's not a good match for 32 ohm headphones. I use a 40W bridged Canakit for my Test Machine audio output, which works OK. But it just isn't the right beast for headphones. The signal would probably still be a bit on the weak side. While the amp is 40W (2x20W), in actual usage into 8 ohm speakers, the output is just 2W per channel. And fortunately, with a tuned port speaker, this is good enough. I got a kit for a headphone amp that runs off a micro USB power supply (so can be pocketed and powered from a 'powerbank') from Aliexpress for about US$5 complete with a case but haven't assembled it yet. Is it just a 1V output ? Or is it one of the ones with much higher output ? A simple OpAmp can manage a pretty good swing, but will likely go into current limit with a 32 ohm load. I'm not sure where I put the kit and when I go to my purchase history I can find the purchase but the page doesn't exist anymore (which could be a problem if I need reference pics when I make the kit - lesson learned, any other kits I buy I'll download the pics). It was very similar to this one, same 'brand' but USB powered https://www.aliexpress.com/item/32723001937.html This one requires 12 - 18V DC input. So OpAmp, and I remember the blurb saying they're socketed so that the end user can change to different / better OpAmps if they want to. I thought the OP might be interested as a cheap solution to their problem. Yes I am. Liked this enuff to buy one. But I just spent an hour trying to create an account at ALI EXPRESS to no avail. I gave up. Dumb me. Thsnx xxxxx |
#8
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Need Louder Sound
~misfit~ wrote:
On 16/07/2019 3:14 PM, Paul wrote: ~misfit~ wrote: On 16/07/2019 10:38 AM, Paul wrote: wrote: I want to learn some Chinese, but find these old ears cannot hear the audio very well at https://chinesecharacteraday.com/one-word-a-day/ at least. All I have is an old set of earphones plugged to audio on a W10 PC. Even at max audio. The phones have no volume control of course. I want to buy something cheap to make the volume higher. Thinking of buying a new set of earphones with an amplifier, or just the latter to add to what I've got. Or maybe USB instead? What do you think? Wei There is a *lot* of crap on the market. Take those NE5532 products for $15. Without additional transistors and a crafted output stage, and good VCC supply, you can't get ear-blistering sound levels. Another product I saw for $36, one commenter said "it's not loud enough". Which means the circuit is probably only driving about 1VRMS into 32 ohms. Stereophile amps of that sort, start at nice round numbers like $199.00 for the "beginner amp", and going up in increments of hundreds. This is obviously not the way to get an amplifier. I'm sure there is plenty of level on those. The audio industry is just as crooked as it was fifty years ago. You can find kits to assemble, for conventional amplifiers, but they expect a speaker load of 4 ohms or 8 ohms, and that's not a good match for 32 ohm headphones. I use a 40W bridged Canakit for my Test Machine audio output, which works OK. But it just isn't the right beast for headphones. The signal would probably still be a bit on the weak side. While the amp is 40W (2x20W), in actual usage into 8 ohm speakers, the output is just 2W per channel. And fortunately, with a tuned port speaker, this is good enough. I got a kit for a headphone amp that runs off a micro USB power supply (so can be pocketed and powered from a 'powerbank') from Aliexpress for about US$5 complete with a case but haven't assembled it yet. Is it just a 1V output ? Or is it one of the ones with much higher output ? A simple OpAmp can manage a pretty good swing, but will likely go into current limit with a 32 ohm load. I'm not sure where I put the kit and when I go to my purchase history I can find the purchase but the page doesn't exist anymore (which could be a problem if I need reference pics when I make the kit - lesson learned, any other kits I buy I'll download the pics). It was very similar to this one, same 'brand' but USB powered https://www.aliexpress.com/item/32723001937.html This one requires 12 - 18V DC input. So OpAmp, and I remember the blurb saying they're socketed so that the end user can change to different / better OpAmps if they want to. I thought the OP might be interested as a cheap solution to their problem. There might be an OpAmp with better power output. The ones I've used in the past, run out of steam at around 25mA or so. It's probably related to how much heat the tiny 8 pin DIP can handle. When you place a push-pull stage after the OpAmp, that's when it gets interesting. You can do Class A (power wasting, but no crossover distortion), or Class AB (where as the signal goes through zero, one transistor is switching off while the other transistor comes on, and it's a bit non-linear). To get ear-splitting volume, you need a good voltage swing. One powered with +5V, could use a boost converter to achieve higher voltages, but not at the $5 price point. Designs running off 12 to 18 volts would have more options in terms of driving 32 ohm headphones. Paul |
#9
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Need Louder Sound
On Tue, 16 Jul 2019 07:46:22 -0400, wrote:
On Tue, 16 Jul 2019 22:00:21 +1200, ~misfit~ wrote: On 16/07/2019 3:14 PM, Paul wrote: ~misfit~ wrote: On 16/07/2019 10:38 AM, Paul wrote: wrote: I want to learn some Chinese, but find these old ears cannot hear the audio very well at https://chinesecharacteraday.com/one-word-a-day/ at least. All I have is an old set of earphones plugged to audio on a W10 PC. Even at max audio.* The phones have no volume control of course. I want to buy something cheap to make the volume higher.* Thinking of buying a new set of earphones with an amplifier, or just the latter to add to what I've got.* Or maybe USB instead? What do you think? Wei There is a *lot* of crap on the market. Take those NE5532 products for $15. Without additional transistors and a crafted output stage, and good VCC supply, you can't get ear-blistering sound levels. Another product I saw for $36, one commenter said "it's not loud enough". Which means the circuit is probably only driving about 1VRMS into 32 ohms. Stereophile amps of that sort, start at nice round numbers like $199.00 for the "beginner amp", and going up in increments of hundreds. This is obviously not the way to get an amplifier. I'm sure there is plenty of level on those. The audio industry is just as crooked as it was fifty years ago. You can find kits to assemble, for conventional amplifiers, but they expect a speaker load of 4 ohms or 8 ohms, and that's not a good match for 32 ohm headphones. I use a 40W bridged Canakit for my Test Machine audio output, which works OK. But it just isn't the right beast for headphones. The signal would probably still be a bit on the weak side. While the amp is 40W (2x20W), in actual usage into 8 ohm speakers, the output is just 2W per channel. And fortunately, with a tuned port speaker, this is good enough. I got a kit for a headphone amp that runs off a micro USB power supply (so can be pocketed and powered from a 'powerbank') from Aliexpress for about US$5 complete with a case but haven't assembled it yet. Is it just a 1V output ? Or is it one of the ones with much higher output ? A simple OpAmp can manage a pretty good swing, but will likely go into current limit with a 32 ohm load. I'm not sure where I put the kit and when I go to my purchase history I can find the purchase but the page doesn't exist anymore (which could be a problem if I need reference pics when I make the kit - lesson learned, any other kits I buy I'll download the pics). It was very similar to this one, same 'brand' but USB powered https://www.aliexpress.com/item/32723001937.html This one requires 12 - 18V DC input. So OpAmp, and I remember the blurb saying they're socketed so that the end user can change to different / better OpAmps if they want to. I thought the OP might be interested as a cheap solution to their problem. Yes I am. Liked this enuff to buy one. But I just spent an hour trying to create an account at ALI EXPRESS to no avail. I gave up. Dumb me. Thsnx xxxxx Persistency pays off Bought one. Thanks xxxxx |
#10
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Need Louder Sound
On Tue, 16 Jul 2019 08:05:52 -0400, Paul
wrote: ~misfit~ wrote: On 16/07/2019 3:14 PM, Paul wrote: ~misfit~ wrote: On 16/07/2019 10:38 AM, Paul wrote: wrote: I want to learn some Chinese, but find these old ears cannot hear the audio very well at https://chinesecharacteraday.com/one-word-a-day/ at least. All I have is an old set of earphones plugged to audio on a W10 PC. Even at max audio. The phones have no volume control of course. I want to buy something cheap to make the volume higher. Thinking of buying a new set of earphones with an amplifier, or just the latter to add to what I've got. Or maybe USB instead? What do you think? Wei There is a *lot* of crap on the market. Take those NE5532 products for $15. Without additional transistors and a crafted output stage, and good VCC supply, you can't get ear-blistering sound levels. Another product I saw for $36, one commenter said "it's not loud enough". Which means the circuit is probably only driving about 1VRMS into 32 ohms. Stereophile amps of that sort, start at nice round numbers like $199.00 for the "beginner amp", and going up in increments of hundreds. This is obviously not the way to get an amplifier. I'm sure there is plenty of level on those. The audio industry is just as crooked as it was fifty years ago. You can find kits to assemble, for conventional amplifiers, but they expect a speaker load of 4 ohms or 8 ohms, and that's not a good match for 32 ohm headphones. I use a 40W bridged Canakit for my Test Machine audio output, which works OK. But it just isn't the right beast for headphones. The signal would probably still be a bit on the weak side. While the amp is 40W (2x20W), in actual usage into 8 ohm speakers, the output is just 2W per channel. And fortunately, with a tuned port speaker, this is good enough. I got a kit for a headphone amp that runs off a micro USB power supply (so can be pocketed and powered from a 'powerbank') from Aliexpress for about US$5 complete with a case but haven't assembled it yet. Is it just a 1V output ? Or is it one of the ones with much higher output ? A simple OpAmp can manage a pretty good swing, but will likely go into current limit with a 32 ohm load. I'm not sure where I put the kit and when I go to my purchase history I can find the purchase but the page doesn't exist anymore (which could be a problem if I need reference pics when I make the kit - lesson learned, any other kits I buy I'll download the pics). It was very similar to this one, same 'brand' but USB powered https://www.aliexpress.com/item/32723001937.html This one requires 12 - 18V DC input. So OpAmp, and I remember the blurb saying they're socketed so that the end user can change to different / better OpAmps if they want to. I thought the OP might be interested as a cheap solution to their problem. There might be an OpAmp with better power output. The ones I've used in the past, run out of steam at around 25mA or so. It's probably related to how much heat the tiny 8 pin DIP can handle. When you place a push-pull stage after the OpAmp, that's when it gets interesting. You can do Class A (power wasting, but no crossover distortion), or Class AB (where as the signal goes through zero, one transistor is switching off while the other transistor comes on, and it's a bit non-linear). To get ear-splitting volume, you need a good voltage swing. One powered with +5V, could use a boost converter to achieve higher voltages, but not at the $5 price point. Designs running off 12 to 18 volts would have more options in terms of driving 32 ohm headphones. Paul Thanks I just want higher volums so as to better hear Chinese I want to re-learn. Wei |
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