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Can't write to flashdrive?
A friend may have removed her USB flash drive without the proper procedure, just pulled it out. A) If you haven't written to the flash drive for, say, 10 minutes, and you know all your writes concluded 10 minutes ago, do you really have to use that procedure? I can't remember, and her know-it-all son says No. B) She can read from the drive but not write to it. What's the next step? Running chkdsk? C) She has to keep her client records for years to come. Should she also burn CD's to hold them. Should she print them out? Interestingly, she bought a second USB flash drive and it wouldnt' work either. It didn't display the slightest message when she plugged it in. The guy at Office Depot where she bought it said her OS was old (she has XP SP2, but she didnt' remember that.) and he said it couldn't find the drivers! Turns out the drive was too fat to go into one USB slot, but it worked fine in the other! She's retiring in two weeks and she has to take all her personal and client files off the Board of Education laptop, so she'll have a copy. And she has to remove them all so whoever sees the computer next won't see them. The files are records of her psychological sessions with public school students. |
#2
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Can't write to flashdrive?
mm wrote:
A friend may have removed her USB flash drive without the proper procedure, just pulled it out. A) If you haven't written to the flash drive for, say, 10 minutes, and you know all your writes concluded 10 minutes ago, do you really have to use that procedure? I can't remember, and her know-it-all son says No. B) She can read from the drive but not write to it. What's the next step? Running chkdsk? C) She has to keep her client records for years to come. Should she also burn CD's to hold them. Should she print them out? Interestingly, she bought a second USB flash drive and it wouldnt' work either. It didn't display the slightest message when she plugged it in. The guy at Office Depot where she bought it said her OS was old (she has XP SP2, but she didnt' remember that.) and he said it couldn't find the drivers! Turns out the drive was too fat to go into one USB slot, but it worked fine in the other! She's retiring in two weeks and she has to take all her personal and client files off the Board of Education laptop, so she'll have a copy. And she has to remove them all so whoever sees the computer next won't see them. The files are records of her psychological sessions with public school students. Chkdsk is going to need to be able to write to the device, and if the device (controller chip) is denying all write operations, you aren't going to be able to repair it that way. You could copy the data, sector by sector, onto a spare empty hard drive, and then run chkdsk. The hard drive would be writable, so the corrections would "stick". I would sooner try that, than try chkdsk on the flash right away. If the file system is then intact on the hard drive, your next step is to "blow away" the flash. Use your favorite eraser. Mine would be something like this: dd if=/dev/zero of=\\?\Device\Harddisk2\Partition0 and if the flash was the second storage device, it would be wiped starting at sector zero. (dd --list will list all the partition names.) If the operation is failing, then you know the flash is damaged. The "dd" program works at the sector level, and nothing should be stopping it from working, save a flash controller chip that refuses to do writes any more. http://www.chrysocome.net/dd Note that the program on that web page, has permission issues. For example, you won't be able to do that erase thing to the C: you're booted from. It'll return an error. Only certain partitions will be writable. Now, if I use a Linux LiveCD, I can blast any partition on the Windows storage device I want, but then there is the nuisance of having to boot into Linux. Maybe there is some simpler test of the ability to write to the flash, but that's the first thing I can find here to test with. ******* The best you can do for archival, is use multiple media types and hope for the best. A Flash drive can be erased by ionizing radiation. The flash chip manufacturer, might rate them at 10 to 20 years storage. A Hard drive doesn't come with any guarantees either - for example, the surface plating might be attacked by moisture if stored improperly. A hard drive is not hermetically sealed, but has a breather hole in it to equalize atmospheric pressure. The pressure changes every day, which means the drive "breathes in and out" constantly. The hepafilter under the breather hole, stops dust, but corrosive gases might get through. You can look for archival grade optical media, but who knows how long this will actually last. These are apparently available in packs of 5 or in packs of 50. You'd want an independent study, with accelerated life testing, to verify the lifetime claims. http://www.verbatim.com/prod/optical...ife-sku-96319/ You could try "storage in the cloud", encrypt the files with a decent algorithm then upload them, but that would probably violate some privacy protection rules. And would require some research about what is considered the best method. Printing on paper, using a bar code, would make the printed contents readable later. You'd want to use "acid free" paper, for a long life. Then the question is, what pigment to print with. I suppose laser toner isn't too bad, but I'll bet even that would fade out with time. By printing with bar codes, you might get better noise immunity (at the price of reduced storage capacity). I think I'd rather take my chances on the Verbatim discs :-) It is a fascinating subject, and something a retiring person can spend days and days researching :-) Paul |
#3
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Can't write to flashdrive?
"mm" wrote in message ... A friend may have removed her USB flash drive without the proper procedure, just pulled it out. A) If you haven't written to the flash drive for, say, 10 minutes, and you know all your writes concluded 10 minutes ago, do you really have to use that procedure? I can't remember, and her know-it-all son says No. Know-it-all son is correct. I still do it, mostly out of habit I suppose. That, and I don't like the warnings Windows puts up if you don't. B) She can read from the drive but not write to it. That is a classic flash memory failure mode - the memory cells that make up the drive have a certain number of write/erase cycles before they no longer respond to the erase command. So if the file allocation table is what fails, what you can end up with is a read-only device like hers (and since the file allocation table is a particularly frequently modified part of the drive, for cheap drives without a good "wear leveling" scheme to keep from wearing out a cell or group of cells before the rest, it is a particlularly common section to have fail that way). What's the next step? Running chkdsk? It probably couldn't make things any worse, but I doubt it will help. C) She has to keep her client records for years to come. Should she also burn CD's to hold them. Should she print them out? If these records are that important she should be using multiple backups, and multiple media types sure wouldn't be a bad idea. Not sure I'd print them, personally. Interestingly, she bought a second USB flash drive and it wouldnt' work either. It didn't display the slightest message when she plugged it in. The guy at Office Depot where she bought it said her OS was old (she has XP SP2, but she didnt' remember that.) and he said it couldn't find the drivers! Turns out the drive was too fat to go into one USB slot, but it worked fine in the other! She's retiring in two weeks and she has to take all her personal and client files off the Board of Education laptop, so she'll have a copy. And she has to remove them all so whoever sees the computer next won't see them. The files are records of her psychological sessions with public school students. That being the case, I'd suggest that after she removes those records she should use a "shredder" type application that overwrites free / deleted space on the drive to make it harder for someone to recover that highly sensitive data. -- Zaphod Arthur: All my life I've had this strange feeling that there's something big and sinister going on in the world. Slartibartfast: No, that's perfectly normal paranoia. Everyone in the universe gets that. |
#4
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Can't write to flashdrive?
On 5/16/2011 6:16 AM, mm wrote:
A friend may have removed her USB flash drive without the proper procedure, just pulled it out. A) If you haven't written to the flash drive for, say, 10 minutes, and you know all your writes concluded 10 minutes ago, do you really have to use that procedure? I can't remember, and her know-it-all son says No. B) She can read from the drive but not write to it. What's the next step? Running chkdsk? C) She has to keep her client records for years to come. Should she also burn CD's to hold them. Should she print them out? Interestingly, she bought a second USB flash drive and it wouldnt' work either. It didn't display the slightest message when she plugged it in. The guy at Office Depot where she bought it said her OS was old (she has XP SP2, but she didnt' remember that.) and he said it couldn't find the drivers! Turns out the drive was too fat to go into one USB slot, but it worked fine in the other! She's retiring in two weeks and she has to take all her personal and client files off the Board of Education laptop, so she'll have a copy. And she has to remove them all so whoever sees the computer next won't see them. The files are records of her psychological sessions with public school students. no cross=posting please. sounds like her computer is the problem and not the drive. has she tried to reboot and only then plug the usb drive back in? has she tried the drive in another machine? also, the usb socket that the usb drive did not fit into is probably a firewire slot, not a usb slot. and once she copies the data to some other source, she should copy it into another computer (two copies) prior to deleting it from the laptop otherwise she can not be sure her copy worked and/or is backed up. only then should she delete the data from the laptop and then wipe the laptop with a utility like boot and nuke to ensure that this confidential data does not fall into the wrong hands. |
#5
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Can't write to flashdrive?
On Mon, 16 May 2011 07:57:40 -0400, "Zaphod Beeblebrox"
wrote: "mm" wrote in message .. . A friend may have removed her USB flash drive without the proper procedure, just pulled it out. A) If you haven't written to the flash drive for, say, 10 minutes, and you know all your writes concluded 10 minutes ago, do you really have to use that procedure? I can't remember, and her know-it-all son says No. Know-it-all son is correct. I still do it, mostly out of habit I suppose. That, and I don't like the warnings Windows puts up if you don't. But you wait until you're sure it's stopped writing? If you pull it out in the middle of writing the FAT, it will be screwed up. I once had a portion of the directory structure screwed up, but it was just copies of other stuff, so I went one level higher and deleted what was below. B) She can read from the drive but not write to it. That is a classic flash memory failure mode - the memory cells that make up the drive have a certain number of write/erase cycles before they no longer respond to the erase command. So if the file allocation table is what fails, what you can end up with is a read-only device like hers (and since the file allocation table is a particularly frequently modified part of the drive, for cheap drives without a good "wear leveling" scheme to keep from wearing out a cell or group of cells before the rest, it is a particlularly common section to have fail that way). What's the next step? Running chkdsk? It probably couldn't make things any worse, but I doubt it will help. Okay. If she would let me borrow the drive, I'd do it, but C) She has to keep her client records for years to come. Should she also burn CD's to hold them. Should she print them out? If these records are that important she should be using multiple backups, and multiple media types sure wouldn't be a bad idea. Not sure I'd print them, personally. Okay. Interestingly, she bought a second USB flash drive and it wouldnt' work either. It didn't display the slightest message when she plugged it in. The guy at Office Depot where she bought it said her OS was old (she has XP SP2, but she didnt' remember that.) and he said it couldn't find the drivers! Turns out the drive was too fat to go into one USB slot, but it worked fine in the other! She's retiring in two weeks and she has to take all her personal and client files off the Board of Education laptop, so she'll have a copy. And she has to remove them all so whoever sees the computer next won't see them. The files are records of her psychological sessions with public school students. That being the case, I'd suggest that after she removes those records she should use a "shredder" type application that overwrites free / deleted space on the drive to make it harder for someone to recover that highly sensitive data. More work for me. I think she's overly worried. (She thinks if I glimpse the file, she's failed to preserve security, even though I don't know these kids and will never have contact with them and won't remember much and forget all that within a couple hours. These kids are not famous and they can't be blackmailed, and the school system has 100,000 kids, and no one at the central office knows who any of them are . But I'll keep this in mind for when it matters to me, not just her. They must have given her instructions about what she should do. Thanks |
#6
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Can't write to flashdrive?
On Mon, 16 May 2011 06:51:03 -0400, Paul wrote:
mm wrote: A friend may have removed her USB flash drive without the proper procedure, just pulled it out. A) If you haven't written to the flash drive for, say, 10 minutes, and you know all your writes concluded 10 minutes ago, do you really have to use that procedure? I can't remember, and her know-it-all son says No. B) She can read from the drive but not write to it. What's the next step? Running chkdsk? C) She has to keep her client records for years to come. Should she also burn CD's to hold them. Should she print them out? Interestingly, she bought a second USB flash drive and it wouldnt' work either. It didn't display the slightest message when she plugged it in. The guy at Office Depot where she bought it said her OS was old (she has XP SP2, but she didnt' remember that.) and he said it couldn't find the drivers! Turns out the drive was too fat to go into one USB slot, but it worked fine in the other! She's retiring in two weeks and she has to take all her personal and client files off the Board of Education laptop, so she'll have a copy. And she has to remove them all so whoever sees the computer next won't see them. The files are records of her psychological sessions with public school students. Chkdsk is going to need to be able to write to the device, and if the device (controller chip) is denying all write operations, you aren't going to be able to repair it that way. Darn. You could copy the data, sector by sector, onto a spare empty hard drive, and then run chkdsk. The hard drive would be writable, so the corrections would "stick". I would sooner try that, than try chkdsk on the flash right away. Okay. Not your problem but for background: Frankly I don't want to do this at her house. Every time I go over there, it takes hours, and I don't have all that I need, and she probably won't let me take the flash drive with me. She thinks I'm goign to read the files. I don't know these kids -- Yes, I know the rules don't make exceptions for people who don't know them, but still. And I will forget everything I see in less than a day anyhow. But it's a matter of honor to her. And if I tell her I"m copying the data to my harddrive, even temporarily, she'll have a fit, and I'm honor-bound to tell her, I think. Darn. She hasn't got time to lend me her computer and probably wouldn't let me take it to my house for fear I'd read something!! I'm very interested for myself in all you have below, but for her, maybe we'll end up leaving it read-only, since she already bought another flashdrive, and it wouldn't hurt her to buy a third, since retirement is a one-time expense, and it's the cost of having a responsible job. If the file system is then intact on the hard drive, your next step is to "blow away" the flash. Use your favorite eraser. Mine would be something like this: dd if=/dev/zero of=\\?\Device\Harddisk2\Partition0 and if the flash was the second storage device, it would be wiped starting at sector zero. (dd --list will list all the partition names.) If the operation is failing, then you know the flash is damaged. The "dd" program works at the sector level, and nothing should be stopping it from working, save a flash controller chip that refuses to do writes any more. http://www.chrysocome.net/dd Very interesting. I saved it. Note that the program on that web page, has permission issues. For example, you won't be able to do that erase thing to the C: you're booted from. It'll return an error. Only certain partitions will be writable. Now, if I use a Linux LiveCD, I can blast any partition on the Windows storage device I want, but then there is the nuisance of having to boot into Linux. Maybe there is some simpler test of the ability to write to the flash, but that's the first thing I can find here to test with. It's good enough. Thanks. ******* The best you can do for archival, is use multiple media types and hope for the best. A Flash drive can be erased by ionizing radiation. The flash chip manufacturer, might rate them at 10 to 20 years storage. A Hard drive doesn't come with any guarantees either - for example, the surface plating might be attacked by moisture if stored improperly. A hard drive is not hermetically sealed, but has a breather hole in it to equalize atmospheric pressure. The pressure changes every day, which means the drive "breathes in and out" constantly. The hepafilter under the breather hole, stops dust, but corrosive gases might get through. Yikes. You can look for archival grade optical media, but who knows how long this will actually last. These are apparently available in packs of 5 or in packs of 50. You'd want an independent study, with accelerated life testing, to verify the lifetime claims. http://www.verbatim.com/prod/optical...ife-sku-96319/ You could try "storage in the cloud", encrypt the files with a decent algorithm then upload them, but that would probably violate some privacy protection rules. Absolutely. She'll never go for that. But for other circumstances, I'll kee it in mind. And would require some research about what is considered the best method. Printing on paper, using a bar code, would make the printed contents A bar code?? So it's scannable without using OCR? But can't be read from the paper directly?? readable later. You'd want to use "acid free" paper, for a long life. Then the question is, what pigment to print with. I suppose laser toner isn't too bad, but I'll bet even that would fade out with time. By printing with bar codes, you might get better noise immunity (at the price of reduced storage capacity). I think I'd rather take my chances on the Verbatim discs :-) It is a fascinating subject, and something a retiring person can spend days and days researching :-) LOL. She wants to learn to paint, and to speak Chinese! Thanks a lot. Paul |
#7
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Can't write to flashdrive?
Hi!
A) If you haven't written to the flash drive for, say, 10 minutes, and you know all your writes concluded 10 minutes ago, do you really have to use that procedure? It's a very good idea if you have changed the option to allow Windows to perform write-caching against the device in question. By default, Windows does not enable write-caching against removable storage devices. You may not have written anything to the drive, but: A) you don't know if the operating system or an application has/is/ will be writing something to the drive. B) Windows does not police its "dirty" (write-cached data that has yet to be written) data store all that closely. It's possible for something to be slinging around in there for quite a while in some cases. William |
#8
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Can't write to flashdrive?
On Mon, 16 May 2011 06:16:52 -0400, mm wrote:
A friend may have removed her USB flash drive without the proper procedure, just pulled it out. A) If you haven't written to the flash drive for, say, 10 minutes, and you know all your writes concluded 10 minutes ago, do you really have to use that procedure? I can't remember, and her know-it-all son says No. B) She can read from the drive but not write to it. What's the next step? Running chkdsk? C) She has to keep her client records for years to come. Should she also burn CD's to hold them. Should she print them out? Interestingly, she bought a second USB flash drive and it wouldnt' work either. It didn't display the slightest message when she plugged it in. The guy at Office Depot where she bought it said her OS was old (she has XP SP2, but she didnt' remember that.) and he said it couldn't find the drivers! Turns out the drive was too fat to go into one USB slot, but it worked fine in the other! She's retiring in two weeks and she has to take all her personal and client files off the Board of Education laptop, so she'll have a copy. And she has to remove them all so whoever sees the computer next won't see them. The files are records of her psychological sessions with public school students. You don't say what kind of system she's running. Is it new, within the past 6 months or so? The Intel Cougar Point error will prevent accessing a second drive; usually attached to the SATA port, but I have seen this affect USB drives. If she has the defective chipset she should contact IT and have them contact the manufacturer, and also put her HDD in a different system so she can access the files and move them to the USB drive. Just a shot in the dark... BTW, I have seen this happen mostly on XPS systems so far, but any unit with the Intel Cougar chipset is a candidate. Dell Certified Field Engineer. |
#9
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Can't write to flashdrive?
On Fri, 20 May 2011 07:43:37 -0700 (PDT), "William R. Walsh"
wrote: Hi! A) If you haven't written to the flash drive for, say, 10 minutes, and you know all your writes concluded 10 minutes ago, do you really have to use that procedure? It's a very good idea if you have changed the option to allow Windows to perform write-caching against the device in question. By default, Windows does not enable write-caching against removable storage devices. You may not have written anything to the drive, but: A) you don't know if the operating system or an application has/is/ will be writing something to the drive. B) Windows does not police its "dirty" (write-cached data that has yet to be written) data store all that closely. It's possible for something to be slinging around in there for quite a while in some cases. William Thanks. I'll bear this in mind and continue to use the proper procedure to close a drive. (I lost track of this newsgroup for a while and just got back. ) |
#10
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Can't write to flashdrive?
On Mon, 16 May 2011 12:16:02 -0400, Christopher Muto
wrote: On 5/16/2011 6:16 AM, mm wrote: A friend may have removed her USB flash drive without the proper procedure, just pulled it out. A) If you haven't written to the flash drive for, say, 10 minutes, and you know all your writes concluded 10 minutes ago, do you really have to use that procedure? I can't remember, and her know-it-all son says No. B) She can read from the drive but not write to it. What's the next step? Running chkdsk? C) She has to keep her client records for years to come. Should she also burn CD's to hold them. Should she print them out? Interestingly, she bought a second USB flash drive and it wouldnt' work either. It didn't display the slightest message when she plugged it in. The guy at Office Depot where she bought it said her OS was old (she has XP SP2, but she didnt' remember that.) and he said it couldn't find the drivers! Turns out the drive was too fat to go into one USB slot, but it worked fine in the other! She's retiring in two weeks and she has to take all her personal and client files off the Board of Education laptop, so she'll have a copy. And she has to remove them all so whoever sees the computer next won't see them. The files are records of her psychological sessions with public school students. no cross=posting please. sounds like her computer is the problem and not the drive. has she tried to reboot and only then plug the usb drive back in? has she tried the drive in another machine? also, the usb socket that the usb drive did not fit into is probably a firewire slot, not a usb slot. and once No, it was USB because the mouse works fine in it. It just had part of the case hanging over it like an awning, and it was fatter than most. It probably has a case and inside it is the same size as the others. But it was cheap, 16 dollars for 8gigs I think. So it won't hurt her to put it in the other jack. Thanks, and thanks everyone. she copies the data to some other source, she should copy it into another computer (two copies) prior to deleting it from the laptop otherwise she can not be sure her copy worked and/or is backed up. only then should she delete the data from the laptop and then wipe the laptop with a utility like boot and nuke to ensure that this confidential data does not fall into the wrong hands. |
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